The image below shows a microprocessor layout with four
routing obstacles (which correspond to certain modules
inside the microprocessor). Small black crosses show
the locations of sequential elements (latches and flip-flops)
outside the obstacles. These are the "sinks" of the clock
distribution network. The source (clock-signal generator)
is in the lower left corner. Green lines show the wires of
the clock network, emanating from the source to the sinks
(the first wire reaches the center of the chip, and then starts
branching). Blue rectangles overlaid on wires indicate the locations
and sizes of repeaters (inverters) that reinforce the clock signal
as it travels through narrow wires. Diagonal wires are implemented by combinations of vertical and horizontal segments.
To satisfy the contest constraints,
the time traveled by the signal from the source to each sink had to
be almost the same, and the results were compared by the total
capacitance of wires and buffers -- the smaller then better.
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