Specifications

1. Engine

The engine in the R 50/5, R60/5 and R 75/5 is an air-cooled, two-cylinder, four cycle spark-ignition engine.
The engine housing is designed as a one-piece tunnel housing, reinforced by internal gussets; it accomodates the crankshaft and the camshaft.
The one-piece crankshaft is drop-forged steel. Great rigidity is achieved by amply dimensioning the main journals which overlap the connecting rod bearing journals. The main and the connecting rod bearing surfaces are treated to have a high surface hardness and abrasion resistance.
The crankshaft runs in three-layer bearings, pressed into a die-forged alloy bearing retained in the front and into the crankcase in the rear. Careful dynamic balancing of the crankshaft assures minimum vibration. The split connecting rods run on the crankpins also in three-layer bearings. They are die-forged, with an I-profile. The expansion-type connecting rod bolt is screwed directly into the connecting rod caps. Locating pins assure insert alignment. The wrist pin runs in a bronze bushing.
The camshaft is a case-hardened die casting, phosphated for better glide characteristic. It is located below the crankshaft and runs directly in the engine housing in the rear and in a flanged aluminum bearing in the front. In the rear, the camshaft carries the internal rotor of the oil pump. It is driven from the front through a sprocket. The ignition advance unit and the tachometer drive gear is also located in the front of the camshaft.
The pistons are aluminum alloy cast and equipped with three piston rings; the top ring is hard-chromed, the second is a nose ring, the third is an oil scavenger ring. The large dimensioned off center wrist pin is floating and is secured against axial movement by circlips.
The cylinders are cast iron sleeves with aluminum fins manufactured by utilizing the Al-Fin process. This assures excellent heat dissipation thereby assuring good oil adhesion. Two push rod protection tubes are pressed into the bottom of the cylinder and sealed against the motor housing with rubber sleeves; they also serve as oil return tubes. The cylinder is sealed to the engine housing with a combination aluminum fiber gasket, and to the cylinder head with a metal-asbestos gasket.
The aluminum alloy cylinder head is carefully fined and equipped with shrunk-in valve seats (fine pearlitic gray iron for the intake, high alloy gray iron for the exhaust). The valve guides are press-fitted.
With the cylinder interposed, the cylinder head is connected to the engine housing by four through-bolts. In addition, two bolts connect the cylinder head directly to the cylinder. Attached to the through-bolts are, at the same time, also the rocker arm blocks. The rocker arms pivot on floating bronze bushings. This cylinder head design utilizing pressed-in sleeves and protection tubes permits the cooling air to reach the areas that are subject to the highest temperatures, this assures maximum cooling.
The valves are actuated by the camshaft through hardened followers, push rods, and rocker arms. A duplex chain drives the camshaft at half the crankshaft speed. The stretching of the duplex chain is compensated for by a spring loaded (leaf spring) chain tightener. The push rod has approximately the same coefficient of expansion as the cylinder, maintaining constant valve clearance.
The exhaust valves have a highly heat conductive, ferritic, stem and an austenitic, scale resistant, head; in addition, the valve stems are hard-chrome plated, the valve seat has a coating plated onto it. The keeper arrangement allows the valves to rotate during operation.

2. Lubricating System

The engine has a high pressure lubricating system with a main flow filter. The oil pump is an Eaton trochoid-gear pump, driven by the camshaft. It sucks the oil from the oil pan through an immersed bell with a perforated screen, pumps it through the main lubricating passages into the main flow filter and from there through an annular passage in the camshaft bearing flange to the annular passage in the main bearing cover. From the annular passage of the bearing cover the oil flows, first, through a hole in the left side wall of the engine housing to the rear main bearing and then, through two holes leading obliquely upward in the two side walls of the engine housing, to the upper tie rod bolts. Through the two upper through bolt holes in the cylinder it gets to the tappet bearing blocks and shafts; there it lubricates the tappet bearings and the valve mechanism. From the two already mentioned oblique holes in the left and right housing wall, passages, also oblique, lead to the annular groove of the cylinder from which the cylinder wall is lubricated. The connecting rods are lubricated through holes in the crankshaft, receiving their oil from the annular groove of the front or rear main bearing sleeve. The rear camshaft bearing is lubricated directly by the oil pump. The timing chain dips into the oil sump and splashes oil over all parts inside the timing cover.
The crankcase ventilation is accomplished by guiding the fumes against the direction of rotation of the crankshaft, through a settling chamber in which the oil mist can separate to a check valve. From there it is introduced into the intake.

3. Carburetors

Concentric float Carburetor
Models R 50/5 and R 60/5

The models R 50/5 and R 60/5 are equipped with two Bing slide type carburetors with a 26 mm throat with removable, concentric float housing. The carburetors are inclined and attached to the cylinder head with a clamp ring.
The ruel flows into the float bowl 4 and is there kept at a constant level at all times by means of the plastic double float 5 which actuates the float needle valve 11 through a coupling 10. For starting, the fuel level can be raised temporarily by depressing the tickler so that the engine receives a richer mixture. The outside of the float housing is vented. From the float housing, the fuel goes to the main and the idle jets. The main jet 6 is screwed into the lower mixing tube end 8 together with the main jet support 7. The needle jet 12, into which a conical needle 16 is immersed, is located at at the upper mixing tube end. The needle, together with the throttle slide 17, is raised and lowered by the throttle cable 18. The throat and main fuel discharge nozzle are thereby varied simultaneously. A small amount of air passes through passage 14 thereby aerating the fuel in the main fuel discharge nozzle to aid the atomization. The piston 9 of the accelerating pump, located in the mixing tube 8 and actuated by the slide needle, enriches the fuel/air mixture during slow and fast acceleration. In the carburetor throat 15 the fuel strikes the intake air and is now fully atomized before it reaches the engine's combustion chamber.
The fuel sucked from the float chamber through the idling jet 3 is mixed with the air flowing in from an idle air passage 1, hte volume of which is adjusted by the idle air regulating screw 13, and it enters the air funnel directly behind the throttle slide through a small hole 2. A richer mixture is obtained by screwing the idle air regulating screw in, a leaner mixture by screwing it out. The idle speed is regulated by the throttle slide stop screw. The fuel/air mixture is adjusted with the idle mixture screw. A provision is made to allow fuel to flow overboard in case the gastank fuel petcock is left on.

The vacuum type carburetor with
butterfly (Model R 75/5)

The model R 75/5 is equipped with two Bing vacuum type carburetors with a 32 mm throat with concentric float bowl. The carburetors are inclined and flexibly attached to the cylinder head through a rubber sleeve and two clamps. The fuel enters the float housing 8 where it is kept at a constant level a tall times through a plastic double float 13 which actuates the float needle valve 9 through a pivot. The float bowl is vented in 2 places.

Main jet system
The fuel reaches the air intake throat by passing through the main jet 10, the jet holder 12, the needle jet 14, the pre-atomizer 4 where it is premixed and then introduced to the intake air through a passage 6. In the throat 3, the fuel/air mixture meets the incoming air stream and, after intensive atomization, enters the combustion chamber. The air volume is controlled by the vacuum piston 20 to which a diaphragm 22 is attached:
The vacuum in throat 3, increases when the butterfly valve 21, is opened, this is felt in the vacuum chamber 23 which is connected through two passages 19 in the vacuum piston 20, with the throat. The space 1 below the diaphragm 20 is connected directly with the intake opening through the hole 2; for this reason, the pressure here is higher than in the throat.
The diaphragm 22 now effects a pressure equalization by lifting the vacuum piston 20 so far that the pressure below the vacuum piston assumes its original value again (equal pressure carburetor). The piston has a certain position for each opening of the butterfly and engine RPM.
Besides the vacuum prevailing in the intake port, the amount of fuel is controlled, under full load, but the main jet 10, in the partial load range by the jet needle 11 attached to the vacuum piston 20; depending upon the the position of vacuum piston, it opens a greater or smaller annular cross-section in the needle valve 14.

The idle system functions completely independently of the main jet system. The fuel sucked through the idling jet 16 is mixed in the chamber 17 with the air coming from the idling air passage 5, and enters the throat behind the butterfly valve 21 trough a small passage. The fuel mixture for idling can be regulated by means of the idling mixture screw 15 and the idling fuel quantity can be adjusted by means of the butterfly valve set screw.
A by-pass passage 18, is provided to aid the transition from the idle to the main fuel system. It becomes operative only when the butterfly valve 21 is open slightly.

The starting device of the butterfly valve carburetor is a complete auxiliary carburetor which is equipped with a rotary valve. It functions only during starting and when the engine is cold. It can be turned on and off by the operator through cables. A space inside the float housing is designed as a starter fuel reservoir, into which a starter immersion tube is introduced from above. The vacuum developing when starting now has its effect, since the butterfly valve is almost closed (idling position) on the escape passage of the chocke behind the butterfly valve and, hence, also upon the starter immersion tube; the fuel in the starter reservoir, being replenished from the float bowl, is thus syphoned off and mixed in the mixing chamber of the rotary valve with the starter air entering through a calibrated hole, forming a bubbly mixture. This very fuel-rich starter mixture then meets the air flowing through the butterfly valve gap and forms the starting mixture which assures perfect starting, even at low temperatures. After the engine has started, a pre-emulsion is formed in the starter immersion tube through a calibrated air hole, which makes the starting mixture leaner to the point where continued smooth running of the engine during the start is assured.
Turn off the choke system as soon as possible so as to avoid excess fuel consumption and a wash-off of the oil-film from the cylinder walls.

The carburetors are adjusted at the factory, to operate with commercially available fuels. Changing the jets and the position of the needle is required only in special cases and should be left to the specialist.

4. Clutch

A single disc dry clutch connects the engine crank shaft and the transmission input shaft 8. When the clutch is engaged the diaphragm spring 2 presses the pressure plate 3 and the clutch disc 6 against the pressure ring 7 which is bolted to the flywheel 5. This establishes the power connection between transmission and engine, since the flywheel is rigidly connected to the engine crank shaft, and the clutch plate is connected rigidly to the transmission drive shaft.
A diaphragm is spot welded to the pressure plate 3 between flywheel and pressure ring. This diaphragm allows the pressure plate freedom of axial movement, and it transmits a part of the engine torque.
The clutch plate, equipped with bonded friction lining, is mounted on the splines of the tranmission input shaft and is movable in an axial direction. Spacer bushings 1 between flywheel 5 and pressure ring 7 provide slots through which the abraded clutch particles can escape. The slots also facilitate cooling of the clutch.
To disengage the engine from the transmission, the clutch lever 10, actuated by the clutch cable, presses through a push rod 12 against the pressure plate 3, this compresses the diaphragm spring 2; The contact between the clutch plate and the pressure plate and the pressure ring 7 is interrupted. The clutch lever pivots in a bearing block cast into the transmission cover. After the clutch hand lever is released, the clutch lever is returned into its initial position by a spring 11.

5. Transmission

The four-speed transmission is mounted directly to the engine housing. The transmission permits changing the gear ratio to permit the engine to operate in idle RPM ranges at all times. The transmission consists essentially of an input shaft, counter shaft, and output shaft, all three of which are carried front and rear in over-rated ball bearings; and of the shifting mechanism. The input shaft has in front, the drive gear and in the rear, the gear to actuate the kickstarter. The clutch push rod is located inside the input shaft. The drive gear is mounted with a cushioning device to absorb shock. The counter shaft and output shaft have 4 gears each which are constantly meshed.
Shifting is accomplished by pushing the foot shift lower up or down. A segment gear turns the shifter cam plate when the foot shift lever is actuated; The 2 shifter forks are engaged in slots provided in the cam plate and into sliding dogs. The 2 dogs engage into the appropriate gear. The 2 dogs have 7 windows which engage into 7 corresponding dowels on each gear. The dogs are splined on the haft and move axially between 2 gears, thereby engaging them. To prevent the gear from slipping out the cam plate is spring locked with a pawl.
In neutral, a contact pin mounted on the shifter cam plate closes a circuit, the green indicating light in the headlight instrument cluster lights up, indicating neutral.

6. Frame

The double loop tubular frame made of oval tubes of great strength is of welded construction. In the area of the steering head, the transom tubes intersect the spinal tube. This permits a certain longitudinal elasticity of the steering head without affecting the very great torsional rigidity. Moreover, the tunnel for the fuel tank can be kept very shallow.
The rear portion of the frame, a very light triangular structure, is bolted to the double loop tubular frame and is readily detached.
The passenger foot rests can be folded. They are adjustable for the most comfortable position.
The engine is mounted in the frame with 2 studs, interconnecting both frame transoms.
The fuel tank, capacity is approximately 6.35 gallons. The fuel tank is rubber mounted with a form fitting rubber element in front, on two vibration dampening rubber blocks in the rear. This eliminates stress. Two wing nuts enable quick removal.
Two fuel petcocks are screwed directly into the tank. They are equipped with two fuel intake tubes each, the longer one being so dimensioned that a fuel reserve of 1 gallon remains in the tank. The same fuel level in both tank halves is assured due to an equalizer line which passes through the air filter chamber.
For parking, the motorcycle is provided with a center stand and a side stand.
The chassis is not suited for side car use.

7. Rear wheel drive

The rear wheel is driven by a drive shaft which runs in an oil bath in the rear swing arm. The universal joint mounted on the drive shaft on the transmission side, is bolted to a drive flange mounted to the taper of the output shaft of the transmission. An internally splined coupling is mounted to the rear of the shaft and is connected to the rear drive. The teeth are curved to allow lateral movement. This helical tooth coupling compensates for the required variation in the length of the drive-shaft.
The rear wheel drive pinion runs in front in a double-row, slanting ball bearing with split inner race; in the rear in a needle bearing; the spur bevel gear with which it meshes runs in a needle bearing on the outside, in a ball bearing on the wheel side. Drive pinion and spur bevel gear are spiral gears which run completely noiselessly due to their careful running-in treatment and adjustment during assembly. The bevel gear dips in an oil bath and supplies the bevel gear set and the bearings with oil. A splined connection takes over the function of power transmission from the bevel spur gear to the rear wheel. This connection makes dismounting of the rear wheel easy.
The rear wheel drive housing and the housing cover are made of a very strong aluminum alloy and are bolted together. The rear wheel drive is vented through a passage, located in a dome, cast in the upper portion of the housing.
To prevent possible oil leakages through the radial sealing ring located in housing cover toward the brake linings spurious oil is directed through a hole, next to the drain plug, overboard. The ratio of of the rear wheel drive varies, depending on the model (see Technical Data).

8. The telescopic front fork

The fork stem of the telescopic front fork turns in two tapered roller bearings to assure rigid frictionless mounting without play. An upper steel fork yoke and a lower forged aluminum fork yoke hold the hard chrome plated steel fork tubes. The aluminum fork legs slide up and down on the fork tubes. The shock absorbers are fastened into the bottom of each fork leg. The shock absorbers thus slide inside the fork tubes. A nozzle is screwed into the bottom of each fork tube. These nozzles provide damping on extension while calibrated holes in the shock absorber itself provide damping on compression. An important role is played in this process by the damper chamber located between the hydraulic piston screwed onto the shock absorber tube and the damping nozzle. The valve attached on the bottom of the hydraulic piston closes the damper chamber on extension (in tension) so that oil must flow through the damper nozzle and opens it under compression so that the oil can escape through the calibrated holes in the damper tube and return from the spring chamber into damper chamber. Since the outside diameter of the damper tube is tapered conically at both ends, the damper nozzle provides for a hydraulic stop in the lowest and highest fork position. A valve at the lower end of the shock absorber tube prevents the fork tubes from jamming, should the fork be moved beyond the hydraulic stop.
A progressively wound spring in the fork tube supports itself on top in a fixed spring retainer and at the bottom against the hydraulic shock absorber. The two fork legs are interconnected by a strong tubular yoke which provides the required torsional rigidity and supports the fender. The turning angle of the front fork is 46o in both directions.

9. Rear wheel springing

The rear wheel is guided by a long swing arm, held in the frame by two adjustable tapered roller bearings.
These are adjusted to have no play. This mounting allows a small amount of adjustability for adjustment of the tracking. Road shocks are absorbed and attenuated by two spring shock units. The bottom of these shock legs are attached at the bottom to the swing arm on one side and to the rear drive unit on the other. On the top they are attached to the frame. A progressively wound carrying spring per spring leg is supported at the bottom by the adjusting sleeve, on the top by the protective tube. While the lower connecting eyes of the spring legs are welded to the outside tubes of the hydraulic shock absorbers, the upper spring leg eyes are screwed to the shock rod.
The end stop for retracted springs is a double tapered rubber plug between the upper spring leg eye and the shock absorber. The stop for the extended springs is a plastic plug inside the double-acting hydraulic shock absorber. The preload of the progressively acting carrying spring can be adjusted to three positions, depending on the load carried, through an adjustment sleeve attached to the spring legs and resting against an adjusting cam.
The Boge automatic leveler, "Nivomat", a hydro-pneumatic strut with automatic self-leveling can be furnished as optional equipment instead of the conventional struts (hydraulic shock absorber and helical spring). The advantage of the Boge automatic leveler is to be found in its load-dependent damping action resulting in always the same normal position and in comfortable spring action regardless of load.
When the motorcycle is loaded the rear springs initially will compress to a point commensurate with the load. As soon as the vehicle is set in motion the rear suspension due to the reverse torque of the drive and irregularities of the road surface will pump itself up to the correct level. After traveling a short distance the pressure rises in the high pressure portion of the unit due to this pumping action so that the motorcycle's rear structure is raised to the normal level; regulating holes prevent continued raising. When the load is removed from the motorcycle, the regulating holes provide for pressure equalization to the inflation pressure of the unit. The working media used in the Boge Nivomat are shock absorber oil and nitrogen.
Caution the high filling pressure is likely to cause accidents as the Boge leveler is opened. Repairs should be left exclusively to the maker.
Removed Boge levelers should be stored absolutely in vertical position; otherwise danger of defects.

10. Dual seat

The dual seat flips open from the right revealing the tool kit and tire pump. It can be locked and utilizes the same key as the steering lock.
The dual seat is not independently sprung so as not to interfere with the carefully balanced front and rear suspension. It has a thick foam rubber cushion.

11. The Wheels

The wheels have aluminum alloy safety drop center rims with a provision to prevent the tire from dismounting in case of rapid deflation. 40 straight spokes each connect the rims with the full-hub brake drums. Two exactly adjusted and readjustable tapered roller bearings provide for easy running of the wheels without axial play. The bearings are sealed to the outside dust and are water-tight through the use of a special multi-lip corrugated sealing ring toward the brake drum by an oil-impregnated enclosed felt ring.

12. Brakes

Both front and rear wheels are equipped with large area ribbed, light metal, full hub brake drums with cast-in gray cast iron rings. The front wheel brake is designed as a double leading-shoe brake. Both brake levers are moved in opposite directions by a cable; the applied pressure of both brake shoes is the same regardless of the braking force applied. Return springs of varying strength enable the uniform adjustment of both brake shoes.
The rear wheel is equipped with a simplex internal shoe brake with one leading and one trailing brake shoe; the rear wheel brake is actuated by the foot brake lever through a linkage.
The brake linings are bonded to the brake shoes, and they consist of a material whose coefficient of friction does not decrease with heat. All brake levers are made of forged aluminum. The stop light is lit when either the front or the rear wheel brake is applied.

13. Electrical System

The electrical system consists of

and the following electrical components located underneath the tank: in addition there is the battery located underneath the tool box, the two spark plugs and the lighting, signaling, and monitoring systems. Figures 63 and 64
63 64

The three-phase alternator consists of a rotor running in the stator housing and mounted at the front end of the cranks haft on a taper. The energizing current of the alternator is supplied via two slip rings. Attached to the front cast ring of the stator is the carbon brush holder with two plug connections. Opposite this there is a strip with three plug connections for the current take-off. Already during a fast idle the three-phase generator delivers power thus assuring a sufficient power supply, even under increasing loads. The current flowing through the charging current control light serves to pre-energize the three-phase generator; if there is no defect in the electrical system, the charging current control light goes out when the idle speed is increased.

The diodes at the diode plate 1 provide for the rectification of the three-phase current furnished by the generator. A mechanical contactor 6 is used as a voltage regulator mounted underneath the tank to the spinal tube of the frame.

The centrifugal timing advance provides for the advance of the spark timing when speed increases.
The breaker interupts at a predetermined moment the primary circuit of the ignition coils. This induces the 8,500 -- 13 000 volts in the secondary winding of the ignition coil necessary to ignite the fuel-air mixture. The primary job of the condenser is to keep sparking of the breaker points to a minimum. The starter consists of a series-wound D.C. motor with starter pinion and slip clutch device.

The lock to prevent repeat starting is a transistor-controlled relay which prevents accidental engagement of the starter while the engine is running. The 12-Volt battery is mounted on a bracket fastened to the frame and is held in place by two rubber straps. It serves to start the engine and supplies the energy required by the electrical system when standing still and during idle.

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